Collected formulae on this phenomena is available in
dvi,
postscript,
pdf or.
html formats.
Things to do
The final image position and size can be constructed geometrically
by using two of the three following rays
Centerline:
A ray from the object which passes through the center of the lens will
pass through the lens without bending.
Lines related to the first (near) focus:
For a converging lens, a ray passing through both the top the object and through the
near focus will emerge from far side of the lens parallel to the central axis.
For a diverging lens, a ray originating from the object which is parallel to the central
axis will diverge as if it originated from the near focus.
Lines related to the second (far) focus:
For a converging lens, a ray originating from the object which is parallel to the central
axis will be bent through the distant focus.
For a diverging lens, a ray originating from the object which is directed towards the
far focus will emerge from far side of the lens parallel to the central axis.
